Using the Minimax Accelerometer to Quantify the Demands of Preseason Training in NCAA Volleyball: A Descriptive Case-Study Study

Abstract available in the 9th Annual Coaches and Sport Science College

Relationships of Characteristics to Running Performances and Their Changes Throughout Collegiate Cross Country and Track Seasons

A monitoring program is essential in assuring goal attainment and reducing the risk of overtraining or undertraining, establishing long-term athlete development, and ensuring success. This monitoring program needs to be integrated into the training process, developed, and executed by both the sport science and coaching staff. This staff forms the SPEG (sports performance enhancement group), which is athlete centered and coach driven. The purpose of this dissertation was to create an evidence based, or white box approach, to collegiate distance running by identifying key characteristics, utilizing appropriate monitoring tools, and examining the annual plan. Collegiate distance runners took part in a monitoring program through East Tennessee State University, which included vertical jumps, V̇O2max, running economy, anthropometrics, isometric mid-thigh pull, performance results and ultrasound measurements. There were strong correlations between performance results and monitoring data, and there were significant changes that occurred throughout the monitoring program. The results indicate the importance of V̇O2max in collegiate runners and that monitoring variables, including performance, sum of skinfolds, ultrasound and vertical jumps significantly change throughout the competitive season. The results also identify characteristics of a high-level runner and indicate the impact that a strength program can have on monitoring variables and performance. Results further suggest that strength can be a critical component of a training program, can be tracked through systematic monitoring, and is associated with an increase in performance

Enzyme inhibition by hydroamination: design and mechanism of a hybrid carmaphycin-syringolin enone proteasome inhibitor.

Hydroamination reactions involving the addition of an amine to an inactivated alkene are entropically prohibited and require strong chemical catalysts. While this synthetic process is efficient at generating substituted amines, there is no equivalent in small molecule-mediated enzyme inhibition. We report an unusual mechanism of proteasome inhibition that involves a hydroamination reaction of alkene derivatives of the epoxyketone natural product carmaphycin. We show that the carmaphycin enone first forms a hemiketal intermediate with the catalytic Thr1 residue of the proteasome before cyclization by an unanticipated intramolecular alkene hydroamination reaction, resulting in a stable six-membered morpholine ring. The carmaphycin enone electrophile, which does not undergo a 1,4-Michael addition as previously observed with vinyl sulfone and α,β-unsaturated amide-based inhibitors, is partially reversible and gives insight into the design of proteasome inhibitors for cancer chemotherapy

The Carmaphycins: New Proteasome Inhibitors Exhibiting an alpha,beta-Epoxyketone Warhead from a Marine Cyanobacterium

Two new peptidic proteasome inhibitors were isolated as trace components from a Curacao collection of the marine cyanobacterium Symploca sp. Carmaphycin A (1) and carmaphycin B (2) feature a leucine-derived a,beta-epoxyketone warhead directly connected to either methionine sulfoxide or methionine sulfone. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive NMR and MS analyses and confirmed by total synthesis, which in turn provided more material for further biological evaluations. Pure carmaphycins A and B were found to inhibit the beta 5 subunit (chymotrypsin-like activity) of the S. cerevisiae 20S proteasome in the low nanomolar range. Additionally, they exhibited strong cytotoxicity to lung and colon cancer cell lines, as well as exquisite antiproliferative effects in the NCI60 cell-line panel. These assay results as well as initial structural biology studies suggest a distinctive binding mode for these new inhibitors.FAPESP (Brazil)NIH/NCI [CA100851, CA127622, GM61300

Use of antimicrobials in practice (targeted on cattle, pigs, poultry, horses)

Worldwide, antibiotics are used to treat and prevent bacterial infections, both in humans and animals. In Europe, 2014 data (2017 JIACRA) estimate that the average antimicrobial consumption (AMC) in animals was higher in animals (152 mg/kg) than in humans (124 mg/kg), but the opposite applied to the median AMC (67 and 118 mg/kg, respectively). In 18 of 28 European countries, AMC was lower in animals than in humans. Most European countries have taken extensive actions to promote responsible and prudent use of antibiotics in animals. Since 2011, the overall sales of veterinary antibiotics in EU/EEA countries are decreasing [EMA European Medicines Agency: answer to the request from the European Commission for updating the scientific advice on the impact on public health and animal health of the use of antibiotics in animals - categorisation of antimicrobials (EMA/CVMP/CHMP/682198/2017), 2019], and this is mainly accounted for reduction in antibiotic use in food-producing animals. Nevertheless, there seems to be still space for improvement, especially in certain pharmaceutical forms used for mass medication, consumptions of which create big part of the total figures of overall sales. The use in animals like dogs and cats in tonnes is relatively low. ESVAC sales data indicated that the majority of consumption of veterinary medicinal products used in 2017 (excluding topical formulation) can be allocated to food-producing animals in most of the EEA countries. The sales, in mg/PCU (Population Correction Unit), of antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products differ extensively between EU/EEA countries. This can partly be explained, among other factors, by the differences in the animal demographics, production systems and dosing of the various antimicrobials

Exome sequencing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identifies risk genes and pathways

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurological disease with no effective treatment. We report the results of a moderate-scale sequencing study aimed at increasing the number of genes known to contribute to predisposition for ALS. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 2869 ALS patients and 6405 controls. Several known ALS genes were found to be associated, and TBK1 (the gene encoding TANK-binding kinase 1) was identified as an ALS gene. TBK1 is known to bind to and phosphorylate a number of proteins involved in innate immunity and autophagy, including optineurin (OPTN) and p62 (SQSTM1/sequestosome), both of which have also been implicated in ALS. These observations reveal a key role of the autophagic pathway in ALS and suggest specific targets for therapeutic intervention

Correction to: An autosomal dominant neurological disorder caused by de novo variants in FAR1 resulting in uncontrolled synthesis of ether lipids (Genetics in Medicine, (2021), 23, 4, (740-750), 10.1038/s41436-020-01027-3)

In the original author list, Seth Perlman’s degrees were listed as MD, PhD. Dr Perlman’s degree is MD. The original version has been corrected